Okwetooloola kwa Roulette Okwetongodde
Buli kwetooloola kutandikira ku busa.

Ekivaamu ky'okwetooloola okumu tekirina kye kikola ku kuddako. Buli kubala ku mukutu guno kwesigamye ku kituufu ekyo.
Okwetongola kye kitegeeza
p(emmyufuzzaalaEmmyufuZzaala ya emu ku emu ku nnamba 18 emmyufu. Mu Lufalansa: rouge.Soma byonna → ku kwetooloola 2 | emmyufu ku kwetooloola 1) = p(emmyufu) = 18/37. Okusinziira ku byayita tekikyusa kintu. Ennamba ezookyaenfumoEnnamba eyokyaEnnamba ejjidde emirundi mingi okusinga egisuubirwa mu kiseera ekiyise. Ku nnamuziga omwesimbu tekiraguza kintu kyonna.Soma byonna →, ennamba ennyogovuenfumoEnnamba ennyogovuEnnamba etajjidde okumala okwetooloola okungi. Ku nnamuziga omwesimbu tewa kamanyiso konna ku kwetooloola okujja.Soma byonna → ne langi “ezituuse” binnyonnyola byayita, so si biraguzi, era buli kimu kyesigamye ku kyogerwa eky'obulimba nti okwetooloola kwa roulette tekwetongodde. Mu ngeri entongole, obusobokaokubalaObusobokaObusoboka bw'ekivaamu, okuva ku 0 okutuuka ku 1 oba 0% okutuuka ku 100%. Ennamba emu: 1/37 = 2.70%.Soma byonna → obw'awamu obw'olunyiriri lwonna kye kibala ky'obusoboka bwa buli kwetooloola, era eyo y'ensonga yokka lwaki etteeka ly'okukubisaamu eriri ku lupapula lw'obusoboka likkirizibwa.
Lwaki “okwetooloola kwa roulette tekwetongodde” si kituufu mu fizikisi
AkapiiraebikozesebwaAkapiiraAkapiira akatono akakasukibwa mu lugudo nga kadduka mu ludda olukontana n'olwa rotor. Obupiira obw'omulembe bwa ivorine oba Teflon, mm 18–21.Soma byonna → kakasukibwa n'omukono ku sipiidi ekyuka mu bitundu by'ekkumi ebya mita buli sikonda; kakyetooloola olugudo lw'akapiira olukwata mu ngeri ekyuka olw'enfuufu n'obunnyogovu; kakuba ekimu ku biziyiza akapiiraebikozesebwaEkiziyiza akapiiraKimu ku biziyiza eby'ekyuma ku apron ebisaasaanya akapiira nga kakka. Era biyitibwa: canoe, diamond, pin.Soma byonna → munaana ku nkoona esalibwawo ebyo byonna; kabuuka ku nkomera z'ebinnyaebikozesebwaOlukomera lw'ekinnyaEkyawula eky'ekyuma wakati w'ebinnya bibiri ku nnamuziga.Soma byonna → ezikola ku kapiira akali ku 1 m/s mu ngeri etabuddwatabuddwa mu makulu ag'ekikugu. Tewali kintu kyonna ku kivuddemu ekyasooka ekisigala mu bintu ebyo byonna. RotorebikozesebwaRotorEkitundu kya nnamuziga ekyetooloola ekirimu ebinnya.Soma byonna → y'emu, era ekyo kye kifo kyokka okukwatagana we kuyinza okwekweka, era ekyo kye kibuuzo ky'okusosola kwa nnamuziga.
Ekiva mu kyo
Buli nkola ya zzaala esinziira ku bivuddemu ebyayita. Singa ebivuddemu ebyayita tebirina kye bigamba ku kwetooloola okuddako, tewali nkola ng'eyo esobola kulongoosa omuwendo ogusuubirwaokubalaOmuwendo ogusuubirwaEkivaamu eky'omu makkati ku buli zzaala mu bbanga eddene. −1/37 ya ssente za zzaala ku buli zzaala eya bulijjo eya Bulaaya.Soma byonna → ogwa zzaala eddako. Eno y'engeri entongole ey'ensonga ewakanya enkola za zzaala, era y'ensonga lwaki empapula z'enteekateeka za zzaala zisobola okuwandiikibwa nga bukyali ku nkola ezitannayiiyizibwa: obukakafu tebusinziira ku tteeka.
Lwe kyandiremye
Singa nnamuziga yali asosola mu mubiri gwe oba croupier engeri gy'asuulamu ng'esobola okutegeerebwa nga bukyali. Ebyo biri mu Laabu. Ne bw'eba eyo, okukwatagana kuli ku fizikisi, so si ku bivuddemu ebyayita: ekinnyaebikozesebwaEkinnyaKimu ku bisenge 37 ebiriko ennamba ku rotor. Era biyitibwa: slot, cup.Soma byonna → ekisosolwa kisoboka okusingawo buli kwetooloola, so si okusingawo oluvannyuma lw'okuba “ekinnyogovu”. Ebibalo by'okwetooloola okwayita byandibadde bujulizi ku nnamuziga, ekintu eky'enjawulo ku nkola mu bivaamu.
Okwetongola kye kiteeberezebwa
Okukubisaamu obusoboka kukkirizibwa nga ebintu byetongodde byokka, era nnamuziga wa roulette afuna eddembe eryo okuva mu fizikisi. Awalala kirina okukeberebwa. Mu 1999 Sally Clark, looya Omungereza, yasingibwa omusango gw'okutta abaana be ab'obulenzi babiri abawere. Omusawo w'abaana yagamba abalamuzi b'abantu nti obusoboka bw'abaana babiri okufa mu tulo mu maka nga gage bwali 1 ku bukadde 73, omuwendo gwe yafuna ng'akubisaamu 1 ku 8,543, obusoboka bw'omu, mu bwakyo. Okukubisaamu mu bwakyo kutwala okufa okwo kubiri ng'okwetooloola kwa nnamuziga kubiri. Naye ab'oluganda bagabana obuzaale n'amaka, kale oluvannyuma lw'omwana omu okufa mu tulo, ow'okubiri asoboka nnyo okusinga ow'olubereberye bwe yali. Royal Statistical Society yakyogera mu lujjudde mu 2001, era omusango gwa Clark gwasazibwamu ku kujulira okw'okubiri mu 2003, oluvannyuma lw'obujulizi bw'abasawo obwali tebubikkuddwa okulabika. Hunacek (2025) akozesa ensonga eno okuyigiriza etteeka olupapula luno kwe lwesigamye: kubisaamu ebyetongodde byokka.
Okwetongola n'emmeeza za RNG
Emmeeza za pulogulaamu zifuna buli kivuddemu okuva mu nkola ekola ennamba ezitategeerekeka ekakasiddwa era ekeberwa ku kintu kino kyennyini: okwetongola kw'olunyiriri mu kulonda obukadde n'obukadde. Nnamuziga atambula ku ssirini kya kwewunda. Emmeeza ya RNG eraga okukwatagana yandigudde mu kukakasibwa, okukebera okusinga obukakali okw'omuzannyi yenna kw'ayinza okukola.
Ebibuuzo
Si ku kinnya. Oboolyawo, ng'akikola mu ngeri y'emu ennyo, ku kitundu kya nnamuzigannamuzigaEkitundu kya nnamuzigaEkitundu ky'ebinnya ebigoberegana ku nnamuziga, nga kyawukana ku kibinja ku mmeeza ya zzaala.Soma byonna → emirundi mingi okusinga omukisa; laba engeri za croupier ez'enjawulo mu Laabu. Situdiyo zikyusakyusa engeri y'okusuula okukiziyiza.
Mu kwekenneenya okusosola mu kwetooloola nkumi na nkumi, mu ndowooza. Ku kwetooloola okuddako, nedda.
Okwesanyusa n'Okubala
Gezaako bino ggwe kennyini okusooka. Buli kugonjoola kuzingiddwa; kuggulewo ng'oli mwetegefu.
Zzaala esibiddwa nga okwetooloola kubiri tekunnabaawo esasula emu ku emu singa ennamba ey'okubiri esinga eyasooka obunene. Okwenkanankana kufiirwa, era 0 ebalibwa ng'ennamba esinga obutono. Egula ki ku nnamuziga wa Bulaaya?
Laga okugonjoola
Eky'okuddamu 2.70% ddala, nga mmyufuzzaalaEmmyufuZzaala ya emu ku emu ku nnamba 18 emmyufu. Mu Lufalansa: rouge.Soma byonna →.
Okwetooloola kwombi kwetongodde, kale ennamba ey'okubiri erina obusoboka bwe bumu okusinga eyasooka n'okuba wansi waayo. Embeera endala yokka kwe kwenkanankana, ennamba y'emu emirundi ebiri, n'obusobokaokubalaObusobokaObusoboka bw'ekivaamu, okuva ku 0 okutuuka ku 1 oba 0% okutuuka ku 100%. Ennamba emu: 1/37 = 2.70%.Soma byonna → bwa 1/37.
Kale zzaala ewangula n'obusoboka bwa (1 − 1/37)/2 = 18/37, ddala obusoboka bw'emmyufu, era egula 2.70% ze zimu.
Singa wali osobola okugisiba ng'omaze okulaba ennamba esooka yandibadde kirabo: oluvannyuma lwa 0 ewangula emirundi 36 ku 37. Y'ensonga lwaki zzaala ng'eno erina okuggalwawo nga okwetooloola okusooka tekunnabaawo.
Eky'okusesa

Buli kwetooloola kutandikira ku busa. Buli kubala wano kwesigamye ku kyo.
Ensibuko
- Feller, W. An Introduction to Probability Theory and Its Applications, Vol. 1.
- Small, M. & Tse, C. K. “Predicting the outcome of roulette.”
- Hunacek, M. Quantitative Literacy Through Games and Gambling.
- Royal Statistical Society. “Statement regarding statistical issues in the Sally Clark case.”