Joseph Jagger: Enteekateeka ya Zzaala e Monte Carlo

Ebiwandiiko kye biraga

Joseph Hobson Jagger yazaalibwa nga 2 Sebuttemba 1830 e Shelf, wakati wa Bradford ne Halifax. Yawasa Matilda Townend ng'alina emyaka amakumi abiri era ne bazaala abaana bana. Yakola mu busuubuzi bw'engoye obulamu bwe bwonna: ng'omukozi mu ggudaala, ng'omukwanaganya mu kkolero eryateekateekanga obuwuzi bwa warp, ng'omumaliriza w'engoye e Manchester. Okubala abantu okwa 1861 kumuyita omubaka w'ebintu by'ppamba n'engoye era ekiraamo kye ekya 1881 kimuyita omukozi w'ebintu. Tewali kiwandiiko kimuyita yinginiya. Ekigambo ekyo, ne “makanika”, biva mu bitabo ebikwata ku Monte Carlo.

Mu Apuli 1860 bizinensi ye ey'e Manchester yagwa, era London Gazette n'emuteeka mu bannamabanja abaali tebasobola kusasula abaali ab'okuwulirwa mu Lancaster Castle. Omwana we asembayo obuto yali wa myaka ebiri. Omuwandiisi w'ebyafaayo bye Anne Fletcher, muzzukulu we ow'omu mulembe ogw'okusatu era omunoonyereza ku byafaayo by'obusika, yazuula ebirango ebyo era n'azuula nti ab'omu maka baali bakyasasula amabanja oluvannyuma lw'emyaka kkumi n'etaano. Teyazuula kugwa kwa bizinensi mu 1880 oba 1881, wadde ng'empapula z'amawulire eziwerako okuva olwo zikuteeka eyo.

Olugero nga bwe lwasooka okukubibwa

Ennyinnyonnyola esooka ye Monte Carlo Anecdotes and Systems of Play eya Victor Bethell (1901). Bethell amuyita “Jaggers”, Omuyorkshire era makanika mu mulimu gwe, era tawa linnya lye erisooka wadde omwaka. Mu kunyumya kwe Jaggers yapangisa abawandiisi mukaaga, n'abatuuza ku mmeeza ez'enjawulo okuwandiika buli nnamba olunaku lwonna, era oluvannyuma lw'omwezi n'azuula obunafu mu buli nnamuziga. Ye n'abasajja be baawangula £120,000. Kaasino n'etandika okukyusa nnamuziga okuva ku mmeeza emu okudda ku ndala buli kiro, era Jaggers n'azaawula ng'akozesa obubonero obutono, akasaze oba akatonnyeze mu langi. Yafiirwa £40,000 ku bye yawangula era n'agenda ne nga £80,000, ezo ku faranga 25 buli pawundi ez'omu kiseera ekyo ze faranga obukadde bubiri. Ennaku y'omwezi yokka Bethell gy'awa eri nti bino byonna byabaawo “emyaka egisoba amakumi abiri emabega”.

Bethell yali awandiika oluvannyuma lw'emyaka amakumi abiri okuva ebintu we byabeererawo era tayogera ku mujulizi n'omu. Fletcher yanoonya mu mpapula z'amawulire ez'omu kitundu, ez'eggwanga n'ez'ebweru era teyazuula lipoota yonna ku kuwangula okwo, era kitaawe bwe yawandiikira kaasino n'agambibwa nti ebiwandiiko byayo eby'ekiseera ekyo byali byazikirizibwa.

Olugero bwe lwakula

Buli muwandiisi eyaddirira yayongerako ekintu, era ebyayongerwako bye bantu abasinga bye bamanyi.

Ddi lwe yaliyo

Fletcher ateeka okukyala okusooka mu 1880 oba 1881 ng'asinziira ku bujulizi buna. Jagger tali mu maka ge mu kubala abantu okwa Apuli 1881, mukyala we mw'awandiikibwa ng'omukulu w'amaka. Ekiwandiiko ky'ettaka ekya Agusito 1881 kimuwandiika ku 6 Greaves Street, Bradford, ennyumba gye yagula mu mwaka ogwo, era mu Okitobba n'akola ekiraamo eky'omusajja alina eby'obugagga. Obw'okuna kye kintu kyokka ekyasigalawo, ekisumuluzo eky'ekijjukizo mu kabokisi k'ekirabo, ekikuumibwa mu maka. Ebiwandiikiddwako, okuva eri “mikwano gye n'abamwagala”, byogera ku buwanguzi bwe mu roulette ku bbanka e Monte Carlo “obwamala ebbanga ly'emyaka ena”, era biriko ennaku 1 Maayi 1884.

Fletcher akitegeera ng'okubeerayo emirundi egiwerako wakati wa nga 1880 ne 1884, so si wiiki emu. Ebbanga lye yamala ng'atunuulira, n'ebbanga lye yamala ng'azannya, tebiwandiikiddwa wonna.

Ani yagenda naye

Abawandiisi omukaaga aba Bethell tebalina kibawagira, era Fletcher alaga nti ekisenge kyalina emmeeza za roulette nnya oba ttaano zokka mu kiseera ekyo. Ennono emu ey'amaka, eyawandiikibwa mukwano gwabwe eyali alabye ku bbaluwa ezaazikirizibwa oluvannyuma, egamba nti mutabani we omukulu Alfred yagenda naye. Fletcher ayongerako mwana wa muganda we, Oates Jagger, omuvuzi w'eggaali y'omukka, ng'asinziira ku bugagga bwe obwaddirira obutannyonnyolwa; ekyo kye kuteebereza kwe. Ettabi eddala ery'amaka bulijjo lyagambanga nti yagenda ne nnampala we. Ssente z'olugendo zaali zeewoleddwa okuva mu b'eŋŋanda, omu ku bo, kizibwe we, ayogerwako nti yazzibwayo.

Kaasino kye yakola

Ne wano Bethell ye nsibuko esooka. Agamba nti kaasino yatandika nga ekyusakyusa nnamuziga okuva ku mmeeza emu okudda ku ndala buli kiro, era ekyo bwe kyalemererwa n'etuma omusajja eri kampuni y'e Paris eyazikolanga. Kampuni yazimba nnamuziga empya ezirina enkomera ezikyusibwa, ne kiba nti ekinnyaebikozesebwaEkinnyaKimu ku bisenge 37 ebiriko ennamba ku rotor. Era biyitibwa: slot, cup.Soma byonna → ekyali kyolekedde zeeronnamuzigaZeeroEkinnya kimu ekya kiragala ekitabikkibwa zzaala ya emu ku emu, eya dazeni oba ey'empagi; y'ensibuko y'enkizo ya kaasino. Era eyitibwa: zeero emu, 0.Soma byonna → olunaku olumu kyali kisobola okubeera awalala olunaku oluddako. Polovtsoff, eyakulira International Sporting Club e Monte Carlo mu myaka gya 1930, agamba kye kimu: nnamuziga empya ezirina ebitundu ebiwaanyisibwa, ezaakyusibwakyusibwa buli lunaku. Nnamuziga enkadde zaawaanyisibwa, tezaddabirizibwa.

Okukebera buli nnamuziga buli nkya n'ekipima obwenkanyi kuwandiikiddwa bulungi. Adolphe Smith yakulaba awo nga mu 1912, era Polovtsoff akunnyonnyola mu 1937. Tewali n'omu agamba nti kwatandika ne Jagger, era tewali kiwandiiko kya kaasino kigatta ku nkola zino zonna ku ye.

Casino de Monte-CarloOkupima Nnamuziga n'Emikono

Okusosola kulina kuba kunene kwenkana wa

Enteekateeka ya zzaala ya Joseph Jagger mu roulette, nga olugero bwe lugamba, yali ya kusiba ku nnamba nnamuziga z'asosola, era ekyo kiganyula kyokka nga kisusse ekkomo. Straight upzzaalaStraight upEnnamba emu yokka, esasula 35:1.Soma byonna → (ennamba emu yokka) esasula 35 ku 1, kale ennamba erina okuwangula emirundi mingi okusinga omulundi gumu mu kwetooloola 36 zzaala ku yo nga tennaleeta kintu. Ku nnamuziga wa zeero emu ow'obwenkanya ewangula omulundi gumu mu 37.

Ka tugambe nti abawandiisi baawandiika ebivudde ku nnamuziga omu okumala omwezi ku kwetooloola 500 buli lunaku: okwetooloola 15,000. Ennamba ey'obwenkanya yandijjidde emirundi nga 405, nga kiyinza okweyongera oba okukendeera ku 20. Ennamba eyajja emirundi 465 yandibadde esinga n'emirundi esatu egy'okweyongera okwo, ekintu omukisa gwokka kye gutatera kuleeta. Ennamba ng'eyo ewangula omulundi gumu mu kwetooloola 32, era zzaala ku yo ereeta 11.6%: cipussenteCipuAkabonero akakiikirira omuwendo ogutakyuka, akateekebwa ku mmeeza ya zzaala okusiba zzaala. Era kayitibwa: check.Soma byonna → 36 ezikomawo ku buli 32.3 ezisibiddwa. Omwezi gumu ogw'okubala n'obugumiikiriza gumala okuzuula obunafu obw'obunene obwo, era tegumala kuzuula obusingako obutono. Okwetooloola 500 buli lunaku kuteebereza kwa kubala kwokka; tewali yawandiika emmeeza ezo bwe zaali zikola amangu.

Obunene bw'EkyokulabirakoZzaala ya Straight Up mu Roulette

Oluvannyuma

Jagger teyagula nnyumba ya kitiibwa. Mu 1881 yagula 6 Greaves Street mu Little Horton, Bradford, era mu myaka nga kkumi egyaddirira, nga Fletcher bw'abala, waakiri ennyumba amakumi asatu mu bbiri ezeegattiddwa okumpi, ezaapangisibwanga oba ezaabeerangamu ab'eŋŋanda. Akkiriza nti yawa nga ekitundu kimu kya kusatu eky'essente abasajja ababiri abaagenda naye. Tewali kabonero nti yali yafulumya kuwangula okwo mu lwatu. Yafiira ku 25 Greaves Street nga 25 Apuli 1892, ng'alina emyaka 61; satifikeeti y'okufa ewa sukaali. Yaziikibwa ku Bethel Chapel e Shelf, okumpi ne we yazaalibwa. Omuwendo omutuufu ogw'eby'obugagga bye gwali £1,710.

Oluyimba

“The Man Who Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo” lwasooka okuyimbibwa mu 1892, omwaka Jagger gwe yafiiramu, era ab'omu maka ge baamala ebbanga ddene nga bakkiriza nti lwali lumukwatako. Tekwali bwe kityo. Fred Gilbert yaluwandiika oluvannyuma lw'omukisa gwa Charles Wells ogwa 1891, ogwajjuza empapula z'amawulire (laba Omusajja Eyamalawo Ssente za Bbanka y'Emmeeza). Charles Kingston yayogera kye kimu mu 1925: ekitiibwa kyagenda eri omufere eyajja oluvannyuma lw'Omuyorkshire.

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