Ebyafaayo n'Obuwangwa · Ebyafaayo · eddakiika 9

Ebyafaayo by'Enkola za Zzaala mu Roulette

Ebyasa bibiri eby'abantu abawandiika amateeka ag'okukyusa ssente za zzaala zaabwe.

Eky'okuddamu mu bufunze

Martingale ya kyasa 18; D’Alembert yatuumibwa omukugu mu kubala ataagyagalanga; Labouchère kyali kyeyagaza ky'omunnabyabufuzi ow'omu biseera bya Victoria. Tewali n'emu ku zo yakola ne mu kiseera ekyo.

Martingale
kyasa 18, Bufalansa
D’Alembert
oluvannyuma lwa 1717–1783
Labouchère
kyasa 19, Bungereza
okugezesa okusooka ku kompyuta
emyaka gya 1950

Martingale

Erinnya liva mu lulimi lw'abasiba zzaala olw'e Provence (à la martegalo, “mu ngeri y'abantu b'e Martigues”, abaali bamanyiddwa olw'obutafaayo) erikozesebwa ku zzaala ekubisaamu, eryawandiikibwa mu nkuluze z'Olufalansa okuva mu myaka gya 1760. Thorp (1984), ng'agoberera American Heritage Dictionary, awa ennyinnyonnyola ey'okubiri ey'abantu: abantu b'e Martigues baasekererwanga olw'empisa ez'enjawulo, nga mw'otwalidde okusiba empale zaabwe emabega, kale enjogera n'etegeeza “mu ngeri ey'ekisiru”. Mu Paris ow'ekyasa 18 yali dda lugero lw'okulabula: Casanova anyumya bwe yafiirwa obugagga bungi ng'akubisaamu mu faro e Venice mu myaka gya 1750. Okubala okulaga lwaki erema, ekkomo ly'emmeezaemmeezaEkkomo ly'emmeezaZzaala esinga obutono n'esinga obunene ekkirizibwa. Ekkomo ery'waggulu lye liyimiriza enkola ez'okukubisaamu bbiri.Soma byonna → ne ssente z'okuzannyisassenteSsente z'okuzannyisaOmugatte gwa ssente ezaawulibwa ku lw'okuzannya. Okuddukanya ssente z'okuzannyisa kwe kusalawo omuwendo gw'oteeka mu kabi ku buli zzaala ne mu buli kiseera ky'okuzannya.Soma byonna → ezikoma, kwategeerwa nga emyaka gya 1770 gituuse. Mu ndowooza y'obusobokaokubalaObusobokaObusoboka bw'ekivaamu, okuva ku 0 okutuuka ku 1 oba 0% okutuuka ku 100%. Ennamba emu: 1/37 = 2.70%.Soma byonna →, “martingaleenteekateekaMartingaleOkulinnyisa zzaala okukubisaamu zzaala bbiri oluvannyuma lwa buli kufiirwa. Laba ekitundu ky'Enteekateeka za Zzaala okumanya ky'ekola ne ky'etakola.Soma byonna →” yafuuka ekigambo eky'ekikugu mu myaka gya 1930 ekitegeeza omuzannyo ogw'obwenkanyaokubalaOmuzannyo ogw'obwenkanyaOmuzannyo mwe watali ludda lulina nkizo: buli zzaala erina omuwendo ogusuubirwa ogwa zeero.Soma byonna →, ekintu kimu kyokka Martingale ya roulette ky'etali.

Mu faro e Venice omuzannyi akubisaamu oluvannyuma lw'okufiirwa, nga Casanova bwe yakola.

Ekkomo ly'Emmeeza ya Roulette

D’Alembert

Jean le Rond d’Alembert yawakanya mu Encyclopédie (1754) nti oluvannyuma lw'emitwe egiddiriŋŋana, omukira gwali gusinga okubaawo, ekimu ku biwandiiko ebisooka eby'ensobi y'abasiba zzaala okuva eri omukugu mu kubala omukulu. Enkola ya zzaala eyongerako yunitissenteYunitiSsente za zzaala ez'entandikwa enkola oba omuzannyi z'akozesa. Okulinnyisa zzaala kunnyonnyolwa mu yuniti kusobole okukola ku mmeeza yonna.Soma byonna → emu oluvannyuma lw'okufiirwa n'eggyako emu oluvannyuma lw'okuwangula yamutuumibwa abasiba zzaala abaaddawo abaalina endowooza y'emu. Si ye yagiteekawo, era ku nnaku ze ezisinga obulungi yandigigaanye.

Enteekateeka ya D'Alembert mu Roulette

Labouchère

Henry LabouchèreenteekateekaLabouchèreEnkola y'okusazaamu: wandiika olunyiriri lw'ennamba, siba omugatte gw'ennamba ez'oku nkomerero zombi, zisazeemu ng'owangudde, era yongerako ssente za zzaala ezifiiriddwa ng'ofiiriddwa.Soma byonna → (1831–1912), omusasi w'amawulire, nnannyini katemba era omubaka wa Liberal mu palamenti, yamanyisa enkola y'okusazaamu mu bantu ab'ekitiibwa e London mu myaka gya 1870 era kigambibwa nti yagikozesa e Monte Carlo. Enkola eno, okuwandiika olunyiriri lw'ennamba n'osiba zzaala ey'omugatte gw'ennamba ez'oku nkomerero, yali ebaddewo nga tannazaalibwa. Erinnya lye lyasigala kubanga yali amanyiddwa olw'ebintu ebirala era kubanga enkola eno erina ekintu ekitatera kubaawo eky'okukola emirundi egisinga, ekyagifuula eky'okunyumyako ku kijjulo.

Enkola n'abaazituumibwa
emyaka gya 1750

Casanova afiirwa ng'akubisaamu mu faro. Martingale yali dda nkadde.

1754

D’Alembert afulumya ensobi oluvannyuma eyatuumibwa erinnya lye ng'enkola.

emyaka gya 1760

“Martingale” eyingira mu nkuluze z'Olufalansa ng'olulimi lw'abasiba zzaala.

emyaka gya 1870

Labouchère amanyisa okusazaamu e London.

emyaka gya 1890

Okulinnyisa zzaala okwa Fibonacci ne Paroli kulabika mu bitabo by'okusiba zzaala.

emyaka gya 1900

Enkola za “sector” ezesigamye ku nsengeka ya nnamuziga zitundibwa nga ziyita mu bbaluwa.

1939

Halmos, omuyizi wa Doob, alaga nti tewali nkola ya zzaala esobola kufuula muzannyo ogutali gwa mugaso okuba ogw'omugaso.

emyaka gya 1950–60

Kompyuta zigezesa buli nkola. Zonna ziraga −1/37 ku mugatte gwa zzaala.

leero

Enkola ze zimu zitundibwa ku yintaneeti n'ebivaamu bye bimu, nga zigezesebwa mu browser ku mukutu guno.

Roulette ya Monte CarloEnteekateeka ya Labouchère mu Roulette

Ekyasa 20

FibonaccienteekateekaFibonacciOkulinnyisa zzaala okugoberera olunyiriri 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13…: eddaala limu mu maaso oluvannyuma lw'okufiirwa, amadaala abiri emabega oluvannyuma lw'okuwangula.Soma byonna → ne ParolienteekateekaParoliOkulinnyisa oluvannyuma lw'okuwangula: kubisaamu emirundi ebiri ng'owangudde, ddayo ku ntandikwa ng'ofiiriddwa oba ng'owangudde emirundi esatu egiddiriŋŋana. Era eyitibwa: Martingale ey'ekifuulannenge.Soma byonna → byayingira mu bitabo by'okusiba zzaala awo nga mu 1900. Wakati mu kyasa waaleeta enkola ezitundibwa nga ziyita mu bbaluwa, buli emu n'obujulizi bw'omuntu n'obweyamo bw'okuzza ssente, n'okugezesa okusooka ku kompyuta, okwalaga okubala kye kwali kwogera dda. Obukakafu nti tewali nkola esobola kukola bwali dda buliwo: Joseph Doob (1936) ne Paul Halmos (1939) baalaga nti tewali tteeka lya kulonda ddi n'obungi bwa ssente za kusiba ekikyusa ekivaamu ekisuubirwa eky'omuzannyo ogw'obwenkanya oba ogutali gwa mugaso, era okunoonyereza kwa Thorp okwa 1969 kwalaga embeera zino mu ngeri abasiba zzaala gye bazisangamu. Okuva olwo enkola tezikyuse; okulanga kwavudde ku bupapula ne kudda ku vidiyo.

Omuddukanya agezesa enkola etundibwa mu bbaluwa ng'akozesa kompyuta, era olunyiriri lukka bukka.

Enfumo: Enteekateeka ya Zzaala Ewangula BulijjoEnteekateeka ya Fibonacci mu Roulette

Lwaki zisigalawo

Enkola ewa omuzannyi eky'okukola n'olugero olw'okunyumya. Ebiseera by'okuzannya ebisinga wansi w'enkola ezisinga bikoma ku kuwangula okutono, olwo nga lugero lulungi okusinga okubala. Ebiseera eby'okufiirwa bitono era bijjukirwa ng'omukisa omubi. Okulanga tekwetaaga kulimba ku mikisa; kwetaaga kulaga kiseera kimu kyokka eky'okuwangula, era bingi. Eky'okuddamu, 2.70% ku mugatte gwa zzaalassenteOmugatte gwa zzaalaOmugatte gwa ssente zonna ezisibiddwa mu kiseera ky'okuzannya oba mu bbanga, nga mw'otwalidde n'amagoba agaddamu okusibwa. Era guyitibwa: handle, action.Soma byonna →, kibaddewo okuva mu 1796 era tekibangako kisikiriza ng'ekiro eky'omukisa.

enkolaekyasakye kyakkirizibwanga okukolaky'ekola
Martingale18okukakasa okuwangula ng'okubisaamuewangula kitono emirundi mingi; efiirwa kinene emirundi mitono; −2.70%
D’Alembert18–19okukozesa okwenkanankana kw'okuwangula n'okufiirwassente za zzaala zigenda zirinnya; −2.70%
Labouchère19okukakasa omugatte gw'olunyiririemirundi egisinga olunyiriri luggwaawo; oluusi lwekulukuunya; −2.70%
Fibonacci19–20Martingale empombeefuokulinnya mpola, ekiwonvu ekisingako; −2.70%
Paroli19–20okugoberera emirundi gy'okuwangula egiddiriŋŋanaokufiirwa okutono emirundi mingi, okuwangula okunene emirundi mitono; −2.70%
Enkola za sector20okukozesa ensengeka ya nnamuzigatewali kintu; −2.70%

Enkola ezitundibwa

Obusuubuzi obw'ekyasa 20 bwayongerako enteekateeka zaabwo, buli emu nga nsengeka mpya eya zzaala ze zimu ez'okufiirwa. Phase One yatundibwanga $25 n'ebitundu 10% ku ebyo omuguzi by'awangula, nga Phase Two esuubizibwa ng'amaze okusasula $500 era n'“Inner Circle” ku $5,000. Tewali n'emu ku zo ekyusa okubala: omuwendo ogusuubirwaokubalaOmuwendo ogusuubirwaEkivaamu eky'omu makkati ku buli zzaala mu bbanga eddene. −1/37 ya ssente za zzaala ku buli zzaala eya bulijjo eya Bulaaya.Soma byonna → ogw'olunyiriri lwa zzaala gwe mugatte gw'emiwendo gyazo egisuubirwa.

enkolaendowoozaekibaawo ddala
Phase Oneoluvannyuma lw'ennamba emmyufu ttaano, siba ku nzirugavu ng'ogoberera 5, 25, 70, 200, 500 ne yuniti 1,000okwetooloola okw'omukaaga kukyali 18/38 okuba emmyufu; okufiirwa emirundi mukaaga omulundi gumu, nga 1 ku 47 ku nnamuziga wa zeero bbiri, kufiiriza yuniti 1,800
Okulindirira zeerolindirira okwetooloola 40 nga 0 oba 00 tezijjidde, olwo osibe ku zombi, ng'oyongerako yuniti emu buli lw'ofiirwazeero tezirina buwaze kujja: zombi obutajja mu kwetooloola 40 kubaawo nga omulundi gumu ku mwenda, era okwetooloola okuddako kukyali 2 ku 38. Okufiirwa okulala kkumi kufiiriza yuniti 110; okujja ku kw'ekkumi n'emu kuleeta amagoba amatuufu 264. Ekivaamu kyokka ye zzaala ntono nga olindirira
Favored 5lindirira ennamba ttaano okuddiŋŋana, olwo ozisibekobuli lunyiriri lw'okwetooloola lulimu okuddiŋŋana; ku nnamuziga alabirirwa obulungi tebiragula kintu
Okukyusakyusa ROL / BEHzzaala ya emu ku emu ey'omuwendo gumu ng'okyusakyusa wakati w'emmyufu, ezitagabanyizika, entono n'enzirugavu, ezigabanyizika, enneneolunyiriri lwa zzaala ezeetongodde, buli emu n'enkizo ya kaasino yonna
Enkola ya Bartschelly “Ekakasiddwa”Labouchère esaasaanya buli kufiirwa ku nnamba eziriwo mu kifo ky'okukwongera ku nkomereroolunyiriri teruwanvuwa; naye ssente za zzaala zirinnya

Ekyo ekitali nkola

Amateeka g'okuyimirira: okusalawo nga bukyali obungi bw'oyinza okufiirwa oba okuwangula n'ovaawo. Gatera okutundibwa ng'ekitundu ku nkola era kye kitundu kyokka ekikola ekintu, kubanga gakendeeza ku mugatte gwa zzaala. Tegalina eyagatuumibwa, ekyo kituufu.

Ebibuuzo

Nkola ki esinga obukadde?

Martingale, ng'esinga n'ekyasa oba okusingawo. Okukubisaamu oluvannyuma lw'okufiirwa ye ndowooza esooka buli muntu gy'afuna.

Waliwo omukugu mu kubala amanyiddwa eyawagira enkola?

D’Alembert ye yasembera okumpi, mu butali bugenderevu. Pascal, Fermat, Huygens, Bernoulli ne Laplace bonna baannyonnyola lwaki zirema.

Lwaki enkola zikyatundibwa?

Kubanga ebiseera by'okuzannya ebisinga biwangula, era vidiyo y'ekiseera eky'okuwangula ya buseere okukola.

Eky'okusesa

Ebyasa bibiri eby'amannya. Omuwendo gumu.

Ebyasa bibiri eby'amannya. Omuwendo gumu.

Ensibuko

  1. Thorp, E. O. “Optimal gambling systems for favorable games.” Review of the International Statistical Institute 37(3), 1969.
  2. Thorp, E. O. The Mathematics of Gambling. Gambling Times / Lyle Stuart, 1984.
  3. Doob, J. L. “Note on probability.” Annals of Mathematics 37(2), 1936.
  4. Halmos, P. R. “Invariants of certain stochastic transformations: the mathematical theory of gambling systems.” Duke Mathematical Journal 5(2), 1939.
  5. d’Alembert, J. “Croix ou pile.” Encyclopédie, omuzingo 4, 1754.
  6. Schwartz, D. G. Roll the Bones: The History of Gambling. Gotham, 2006.
  7. Kavanagh, T. M. Dice, Cards, Wheels: A Different History of French Culture. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005.
  8. Bollman, M. Mathematics of the Big Four Casino Table Games: Blackjack, Baccarat, Craps, & Roulette. CRC Press, 2021. Essuula 2, roulette.
Enteekateeka za Zzaala mu RouletteOkulambika Enteekateeka za Zzaala mu RouletteOkubala mu RouletteEnsobi y'Abasiba ZzaalaEnteekateeka za Zzaala mu RouletteEnteekateeka ya Martingale mu RouletteEnteekateeka za Zzaala mu RouletteEnteekateeka ya Andrucci mu Roulette
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