Ebyafaayo n'Obuwangwa · Firimu n'ebitabo · eddakiika 8

Roulette mu Bitabo

Engeri abawandiisi b'ebitabo by'emboozi gye bakozesaamu roulette okuwandiika ku ssente, okwemalira n'omukisa.

Eky'okuddamu mu bufunze

Okuva ku The Gambler ya Dostoevsky okutuuka ku Klondike ya Jack London ne Casino Royale ya Fleming, roulette mu bitontome ekwata ku muzannyi, so si ku nnamuziga. Ebisinga obulungi binnyonnyola ensobi, okwegomba okutakoma n'enkola okuva munda, mu butuufu obutupapula bw'enteekateeka za zzaala bwe butatuukangako.

Lablée, La Roulette
1801
Dostoevsky, The Gambler
1866
London, Shorty Dreams
1912
Fleming, Casino Royale
1953

Lablée, 1801

La Roulette, ou le Jour kitabo ky'olugero ekirimu, mu mbeera ey'akabenje, ennyinnyonnyola esooka ejjuvu ey'omuzannyo: ebisenge bya Palais-Royal, zeeronnamuzigaZeeroEkinnya kimu ekya kiragala ekitabikkibwa zzaala ya emu ku emu, eya dazeni oba ey'empagi; y'ensibuko y'enkizo ya kaasino. Era eyitibwa: zeero emu, 0.Soma byonna → zombi, emmeeza ya zzaalaebikozesebwaEmmeeza ya zzaalaEkipande kya zzaala ekikubiddwa ku mmeeza. Era kiyitibwa: table, felt, cloth.Soma byonna →, n'amaloboozi g'aba croupierabantuCroupierOmuddukanya w'emmeeza ya roulette.Soma byonna →. Kye kiwandiiko ekisooka ku kuvaayo kwa roulette, era kumpi tewali yakisoma ng'olugero, ekyo kiyinza okuba eky'obwenkanya.

Dostoevsky, 1866

The Gambler kyawandiikisibwa mu nnaku 26 okutuukiriza endagaano n'okusasula amabanja ga zzaala ge yeewola e Wiesbaden ne Homburg. Omunyumya waakyo, Alexei, musomesa mu maka g'Abarussia e “Roulettenburg” awangula obugagga ku mmeeza n'abufiirwa, era ne yeefiirwa yennyini, mu kitabo kyonna. Ennyinnyonnyola z'emmeeza, enkola abazannyi ze bakozesa, okukakasa nti omukisa omuwanvu gulina okukoma, n'engeri okuwangula gye kuwuliramu ng'okutegeera, ze zisinga obulungi ku nsobi y'abasiba zzaala mu lulimi lwonna, ezaawandiikibwa kumpi emyaka ataano nga enzirugavuzzaalaEnzirugavuZzaala ya emu ku emu ku nnamba 18 enzirugavu. Mu Lufalansa: noir.Soma byonna → 26 tezinnabaawo n'ekyasa nga ssaayansi w'enneeyisa mu by'enfuna tannabaawo.

ekiwandiikoomwakakye kituukiriza
Lablée, La Roulette, ou le Jour1801omuzannyo gwennyini; ennyinnyonnyola esooka ejjuvu
Pushkin, The Queen of Spades1834enkola ng'okwemalira (faro, so si roulette)
Thackeray, Vanity Fair1848abantu ba kaasino ez'ebifo by'amazzi agawonya; Becky ku mmeeza
Dostoevsky, The Gambler1866ensobi okuva munda; okwegomba okutakoma; kaasino ey'ekifo ky'amazzi agawonya
London, “Shorty Dreams” (Smoke Bellew)1912omuwanguzi yekka ow'amazima: nnamuziga eyeewese, so si nkola
Fleming, Casino Royale1953Bond asiba ku dazeni bbiri; kaasino ng'ekifo ky'emizannyo
Bass, The Eudaemonic Pie1985ebyaliwo ddala: fizikisi ng'ewakana ne nnamuziga
ebitabo by'ebyaliwo ddala ebya kaasino eby'engeri ya Mezrichemyaka gya 2000enkola ekola (bulijjo muzannyo gwa kaadi; tegulina roulette)

Bad Homburg ne Kaasino z'Ebifo by'Amazzi ag'OkunaabaRoulettenburg ya Dostoevsky

Thackeray n'ebifo by'amazzi agawonya

Vanity Fair kikoma ne Becky Sharp ku mmeeza z'ekibuga ky'amazzi agawonya mu Bugirimaani, era essuula eyo kifaananyi kyangu ekituufu eky'abaatuulanga okwetooloola nnamuziga wa roulette mu myaka gya 1840: abaggwaawo, abalina essuubi, abeesuddeko n'abakugu. Thackeray yali akirabye; Baden-Baden yali ku kkubo lya buli mutambuze Omungereza. Smoke ya Turgenev (1867) eri mu bisenge bye bimu.

Abaggwaawo, abalina essuubi, abeesuddeko n'abakugu nga beetoolodde emmeeza ya roulette mu kifo ky'amazzi agawonya.

Jack London, 1912

“Shorty Dreams”, olugero mu Smoke Bellew, kye kitontome kyokka ekituukiriza omuzannyi wa roulette awangula, kubanga omuzannyi takozesa nkola. Smoke Bellew, omusajja w'e San Francisco eyafuuka omunoonyi wa zaabu e Klondike, atuula ku mmeeza ya roulette mu baala ya Elkhorn e Dawson n'atandika okuwangula, ekiro ku kiro, ddoola 3,500 omulundi gumu. Munne Shorty asalawo nti ateekwa okuba ng'aloota. Abasiba zzaala b'e Dawson, abamanyi okuva ku “bakugu b'okubala mu matendekero” nti roulette yennyini y'enkola yokka, bajjuza obutabo nga bagezaako okutegeera zzaala ze ne batazuula kintu, kubanga Smoke akyusakyusa okuzannya kwe mu bugenderevu, omulundi gumu n'afiirwa zzaala amakumi ana ez'ekkomo ezaddiriŋŋana okutabula ekifaananyi.

Bannannyini mizannyo ekkumi ab'ekibuga bakuŋŋaanya bbanka ya ddoola 10,000 mu kisenge eky'emabega ne bamuyita agiwakanye. Agimenya mu ssaawa emu n'ekitundu. Nga balina okukendeeza ekkomo lyabwe okutuuka ku senti oba okuggala emmeeza, bamubuuza ku bbeeyi gy'anaatundako enkola. Ddoola emitwalo esatu, bw'agamba, enkumi ssatu buli omu, ezisasulwa mu nfuufu ya zaabu, era ajja kusuubiza obutagizannya nate e Dawson. Basasula. Olwo n'abalaga: akapiiraebikozesebwaAkapiiraAkapiira akatono akakasukibwa mu lugudo nga kadduka mu ludda olukontana n'olwa rotor. Obupiira obw'omulembe bwa ivorine oba Teflon, mm 18–21.Soma byonna → bwe kasuulibwa nga 9 etunuulidde omukuumi, 26 ewangula; 11 bw'etunuulira, ereeta zeero bbiriekikaZeero bbiriEkinnya 00 ku nnamuziga wa Amerika. Okubaawo kwakyo kulinnyisa enkizo ya kaasino okuva ku 2.70% okutuuka ku 5.26%.Soma byonna →; zeero bbiri bw'etunuulira, ereeta 32. “Tekibaawo bulijjo, naye kitera okubaawo.” Big Burke ayimiriza nnamuziga, amutunuulira, atunuulira ssigiri eri okumpi n'emmeeza, n'akolima. Nnamuziga yeewese olw'ebbugumu. Tekyali nkola; yali nnamuziga asosolalaabuNnamuziga asosolaNnamuziga alina obulema mu mubiri bwe obufuula ebinnya ebimu okujja okusinga 1/37. Tebitera kubaawo, era bizuulibwa wokka n'okwetooloola enkumi n'enkumi okuwandiikiddwa.Soma byonna → n'omusajja eyakiraba.

London yali amaze obutiti e Klondike mu 1897–98 era yali amanyi baala. Olugero ssomo jjuvu mu kuzannya okw'enkizo nga emyaka ataano nga Thorp tannabaawo: tunuulira, wandiika, siba ku kitundu kya nnamuzigannamuzigaEkitundu kya nnamuzigaEkitundu ky'ebinnya ebigoberegana ku nnamuziga, nga kyawukana ku kibinja ku mmeeza ya zzaala.Soma byonna →, kyusakyusa ensengeka kaasino ereme kulaba ky'olaba, era tunda nga tebannakyusa mmeeza. Joseph Jagger yali akoze ekya ddala e Monte Carlo nga mu 1880; olwa London lusesa nnyo, era okusomesa kw'abasiba zzaala ku nsonga lwaki enkola tezisobola kukola kutuufu nga buli kimu ku mukutu guno.

Big Burke ayimiriza nnamuziga n'atunuulira ssigiri ebbugumu lyayo lye lyamuwesa.

Roulette ya Monte CarloEnfumo: Enteekateeka ya Zzaala Ewangula Bulijjo

Fleming, 1953

Casino Royale okusinga kiri ku baccarat. Ku roulette Bond asiba ku dazenizzaalaDazeni1–12, 13–24 oba 25–36, esasula 2:1.Soma byonna → bbiri ezisooka ku kkomo ly'emmeeza erisinga, ng'abikka ebitundu bibiri ku bisatu eby'emmeeza ya zzaala, era mu kitundu ekyo awangula okwetooloola mukaaga ku musanvu; Fleming amulaga ng'ategeera nti buli kwetooloola tekukwatagana na kwali kusooka. “Enteekateeka ya James Bond” etundibwa ku mutimbagano, ekibinja kya zzaala ku 19–36, six line (ennamba mukaaga)zzaalaSix lineEnnamba mukaaga mu nnyiriri bbiri eziriraanaganye, esasula 5:1. Mu Lufalansa: sixain.Soma byonna → 13–18 ne zeero, teri mu kitabo ekyo, wadde mu kitabo kyonna ekya Fleming kye twakebera; ani eyasooka okugiwa erinnya lya Bond tekimanyiddwa. Zzaala zombi zigula 2.70% ku nnamuziga wa zeero emu. Ekitundu ky'Enteekateeka kirimu okubala.

Okuzannya kwa Bond mu kitabo: ekkomo ly'emmeeza erisinga ku dazeni bbiri ezisooka.

Ekkomo ly'Emmeeza ya Roulette

Ebyaliwo ddala

The Eudaemonic Pie ya Thomas Bass (1985) enyumya olugero lwa kompyuta ez'omu ngatto era kye kitabo ekisinga obulungi ku fizikisi ya roulette eri omusomi wa bulijjo. Richard Epstein ne Stewart Ethier baawandiika okubala okw'amaanyi. Beating the Wheel ya Russell Barnhart (1983) ekuŋŋaanya ebyafaayo by'okuzannya ku nnamuziga asosola. Tewali yali awandiise kitabo ekisomeka ku nsonga lwaki enkola zigwa, kubanga kijja ku lupapula lumu, era omukutu guno gululina.

Roulette mu bitabo
1801

Lablée. Omuzannyo gunnyonnyolwa.

1834

Pushkin. Enkola ng'eddalu (mu faro).

1848

Thackeray. Ekibiina kya kaasino ez'ebifo by'amazzi agawonya.

1866

Dostoevsky. Omusiba zzaala ow'enkomeredde.

1892

Oluyimba: “The Man Who Broke the Bank at Monte Carlo”.

1912

London. Smoke awangula nnamuziga eyeewese e Dawson era atunda “enkola”.

1953

Fleming. Bond asiba ku dazeni bbiri.

1983–85

Barnhart; Bass. Ebyaliwo ddala ku kuwangula nnamuziga.

2010

Ethier. Okubala, nga kujjuvu.

Aba Eudaemons

Ebitontome kye bimanyi

Nti enkola ngeri ya kuwulira ng'ofuga. Nti okuwangula kuwulira ng'okumanya. Nti omukisa omuwanvu ogutasobola kweyongera gweyongera. Nti omuzannyi yekka awangula ddala y'oyo eyazuula ekikyamu ku nnamuziga, era nti asaana okutunda amangu. Nti emmeeza kye kifo omuntu w'alagira bw'ali ng'ekivaamu tekiri mu mikono gye. Okubala kugamba bye bimu mu nnamba; abawandiisi b'ebitabo by'emboozi be baasooka okubyogera.

Ebibuuzo

Kitabo ki eky'olugero kye nsaana okusooka okusoma?

The Gambler. Kimpi era kye kikwata ku nsonga yonna.

The Gambler kinyumya ku bulamu bw'omuwandiisi?

Kumpi ddala. Okufiirwa kwa Dostoevsky yennyini, omuwandiisi we ow'empandiika ey'amangu (gwe yawasa) n'ekifo ky'amazzi agawonya byonna birimu.

Fleming ye yayiiya ekibinja kya zzaala ekya Bond?

Nedda. Mu Casino Royale Bond asiba ku dazeni bbiri. Ekibinja kya zzaala ku 19–36, 13–18 ne zeero kyaweebwa erinnya lye oluvannyuma, omuntu omulala.

Akakodyo ka Smoke Bellew kaali kasoboka?

Yee. Nnamuziga eyeewese oba atali mu bbanga lyenkanankana kye kyennyini Jagger kye yeeyambisa e Monte Carlo, era ekitundu kya Laabu kinnyonnyola engeri y'okumuzuula. Ddoola emitwalo esatu kye kitundu eky'olugero.

Eky'okusesa

Abawandiisi baali bamanyi. Nabo tekyabayamba.

Abawandiisi baali bamanyi. Nabo tekyabayamba.

Ensibuko

  1. Lablée, J. La Roulette, ou le Jour. Paris, 1801.
  2. London, J. Smoke Bellew. Century, 1912. “Shorty Dreams” lwasooka kufulumira mu Cosmopolitan, 1911.
  3. Bass, T. A. The Eudaemonic Pie. Houghton Mifflin, 1985.
  4. Barnhart, R. T. Beating the Wheel. Lyle Stuart, 1983.
  5. Kavanagh, T. M. Dice, Cards, Wheels: A Different History of French Culture. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005.
kyakeberebwa 2026-09-28ekyokulabirako: roulette ya Bulaaya, zeero emuenkola y'okubalirira ↗ensibuko ↗